THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMBATING CORRUPTION BY CRIMINAL LEGAL MEANS

The article raises the problem of combating corruption by criminal legal means. The author draws attention to the fact that the National Security Strategy defines corruption as one of the types of national threats, and its eradication is among the strategic national priorities. In general, there is a tightening of criminal legislation in terms of responsibility for corruption-related crimes, which is expressed in the introduction of new anti-corruption crimes into the criminal law, increasing the severity of punishments, including by supplementing sanctions with mandatory additional types of punishments, as well as by including in the Criminal Code a new type of fine calculation — in the amount of a multiple of the subject of the crime, which allows assigning multimillion-dollar fines to corrupt officials. In addition, the recommendations given by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation regarding the qualification of bribery have significantly expanded the scope of these articles. Statistical data indicate that against this background, the dynamics of detection and disclosure of corruption crimes in 2019—2020 has practically not changed, and if compared with 2014, there is a tendency to reduce both the detection and disclosure of facts of corrupt behavior. As for the data on conviction, which the author cites on the example of receiving a bribe, it can be seen that the proportion of persons sentenced for receiving a bribe is less than 25 % of the total number of detected crimes, and more than 30 % of them are sentenced conditionally. A similar picture is observed when analyzing the data of judicial statistics in terms of responsibility for bribery. Considering the above, the author comes to the conclusion that at present, in the fight against corruption, it is necessary to shift priorities from countering it, including by criminal legal means, to prevention.

criminal law, counteraction, prevention, corruption, statistics, dynamics, detectability, disclosure, conviction, punishability, bribery

Podroykina I. A. The effectiveness of combating corruption by criminal legal means. Business. Education. Law, 2022, no. 1, pp. 183—186. DOI: 10.25683/VOLBI.2022.58.121.