ON THE ISSUE OF VALUES IN THE PRESCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM: EVOLUTION OF DILEMMAS IN IBERO-AMERICAN COUNTRIES
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Author(s): | Kozhevnikova V. V., |
| Number of journal: | 2(71) | Date: | June 2025 |
| Annotation: | The current research areas include the analysis of historical and modern dilemmas of preschool education relat- ed to its value foundations, functional evolution and challeng- es of globalization. The work is aimed at rethinking the role of preschool education as a tool for the formation of a socially responsible personality, overcoming inequality, and integrating cultural diversity. The objectives of the study are as follows: to explore the historical contradictions between the functions of social care and education (using the concepts of F. Froebel as an example); to identify modern trends in preschool education in Ibero-American countries, including management, obligation and accessibility; to analyze the impact of digitalization, neuro- science and globalization on the transformation of pedagogical practices; to determine the role of epistemological (uniqueness, complexity, collectivity) and axiological (respect, autonomy, responsibility) principles in the formation of value guidelines. Research methodology: comparative analysis of preschool edu- cation systems, study of regulatory documents, statistical data (coverage, number of teachers, infrastructure), interdisciplin- ary approach combining pedagogy, philosophy (epistemology, axiology), sociology and public administration. The results of the study allowed us to identify the historical and pedagogical aspect, which reveals the meaning and approaches to the implementation of F. Froebel’s concept of creative play. and remains relevant, but requires adaptation to the digital age (bal- ance of sensory and screen experience); institutional challenges, such as mandatory preschool education (7 out of 21 countries) that do not ensure universal coverage due to lack of infrastructure, per- sonnel and social inequality. In Mexico, coverage is 75%, while 17% of groups are overcrowded; need for functional transforma- tion is stated, new functions — emotional and psychological sup- port, inclusiveness, environmental education — are highlighted. It is concluded that preschool education is the foundation of civil society, where social disparities are overcome and adaptive, emotionally stable individuals are formed. It is nec- essary to take into account the integration of digital tools in the future without compromising the sensory and social experience of children. The novelty of the study may lie in the synthesis of philosophical analysis (axiology) with the practice of edu- cational policy, an emphasis on post-pandemic transformations and ethical challenges of digitalization. | ||
| Keywords: | preschool education, axiology, F. Froebel, Ibero-America, inclusiveness, obligation, collectivity, digitali- zation, childhood, values, upbringing |
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| For citation: | Kozhevnikova V. V. On the issue of values in the preschool education system: evolution of dilemmas in Ibero-American countries. Biznes. Obrazovanie. Pravo = Business. Education. Law. 2025;2(71):336—343. DOI: 10.25683/VOLBI.2025.71.1272. |
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