RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC METHODS FOR ASSESSING DEMAND FOR SKILLS AND COMPETENCES

The article analyzes the development and transformation of scientific methods for assessing skills and competences. Based on a bibliographic review, three main scientific methods for assessing skill demand are identified: (1) analysis of the job profile; (2) surveys and questionnaires; (3) content analysis. The analysis of the job profile of a profession gained popularity in the early 20th century and is associated with the name of F. Taylor. Initially, this analysis was conducted by specialized experts through observation of work processes and operations, aiming to increase productivity and efficiency within specific companies, considering the peculiarities of their established business processes. Over time, this method transformed into skill and competence demand assessment through occupational handbooks (DOT, O*NET, ISCO, ESCO, etc.) that emerged in the 1930s. In the 1960s and 1970s, surveys and questionnaires became widely used, wherein respondents provided answers about the skills and competences necessary for specific job functions. Concurrently, the method of content analysis of job advertisements from newspapers and magazines developed, allowing for the identification of the most sought-after skills for advertised positions. The advancement of digital technologies, particularly machine learning and artificial intelligence in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, allowed for improvements in content analysis. It provided the opportunity for automatic analysis of large volumes of information from online job portals, making this method more flexible and accurate. Currently, all three methods are in demand and used depending on the assessment objectives and the availability of time, financial, and labor resources. Additionally, some researchers combine these methods to obtain the most accurate results.

demand for skills, demand for competences, skills gap, skills demand assessment, job profile analysis, content analysis, labor market, labor market equilibrium, development of methods, competences, skills

Arteeva V. S. Retrospective analysis of scientific methods for assessing demand for skills and competences. Biznes. Obrazovanie. Pravo = Business. Education. Law. 2023;3(64):202—209. DOI: 10.25683/VOLBI.2023.64.765.