HARMONIZATION OF LEGAL REGULATION IN THE TRADE SPHERE WITHIN THE EAEU
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Author(s): | Sineva N. A., |
| Number of journal: | 3(76) | Date: | September 2026 |
| Annotation: | The article explores the theoretical and practical aspects of harmonizing the legal regulation of trade relations within the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The author argues that creating a unified legal framework in the Union requires standardizing the terminology used in the legislation of member states when regulating foreign economic and trade activities. The paper carries out a comparative legal analysis of the national legislative acts of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the Kyrgyz Republic. As a result of this analysis, the author concludes that the terms ‘foreign economic activity’ and ‘foreign trade activity’ in the legal acts of the Union member states are addressed to varying degrees. At the same time, it has recently become relevant to officially record the term ‘foreign trade activity’ at the legislative level. Within the framework of this study, the distinction between the concepts of “mutual trade” and “countertrade” is of significant importance. The author concludes that the first of these terms is primarily enshrined in the norms of customs legislation and is used for statistical purposes, whereas the second is revealed through contractual structures. In the system of international private law, the fundamental source regulating relations in the field of countertrade is the 1992 UNCITRAL Legal Guide on International Countertrade Transactions. Based on the analysis, the author sums up that within the EAEU, they are mutual trade mechanisms that are mostly used today, while countertrade, which is a complex institution of international private law, remains normatively unregulated at the supranational level. This situation highlights the need for a deeper doctrinal understanding of the legal frameworks for mutual trade and countertrade as a prerequisite for developing effective regulatory mechanisms in the context of Eurasian integration. | ||
| Keywords: | Eurasian Economic Union / EAEU, foreign trade activity, foreign economic activity, harmonization, unification, entrepreneurial activity, mutual trade, countertrade, domestic law of the EAEU member states, private international law |
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| For citation: | Sineva N. A. Harmonization of legal regulation in the trade sphere within the EAEU. Biznes. Obrazovanie. Pravo = Business. Education. Law. 2026;3(76):184—191. DOI: 10.25683/VOLBI.2026.76.1751. |
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