SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF SMALL BUSINESS

The article examines the essence of small business in terms of a systematic approach. Based on the features of the system formulated by the founders of the system approach, it is proved that small business is a system. The structure of the elements of this system is studied. The studied methodology of formation of the rational structure of the economic system on the basis of harmonic management has suggested that the formation of the structure of any system is subject to a single law, which is based on the principle of the golden section. This principle is proposed to be used for the ideal ratio of elements in small business systems. Based on the legislation of the Russian Federation, medium, small and microenterprises as the system levels are identified in the system model. A comparative analysis of the dynamics of the state of elements at three levels of the small business system of the United States of America, Germany, France and the Russian Federation, the ratio of elements at the levels of the existing small business system with the proposed ideal ratio is carried out. It is revealed that the structure of small business in the United States of America, France and Germany is close to the proportions of the ideal ratio. Deviations, according to the statistics, are observed during crisis phenomena, while in the future the system returns to proportions close to the optimal ones. The system of small business in the Russian Federation, according to the statistics, is far from the proposed ideal proportions. The strongest deviation from the ideal proportions of the system was revealed at the level of medium enterprises, and a significant deviation was observed at the level of small enterprises. At the same time, a situation is observed at the level of microenterprises, which can be characterized as close to the values of the ideal model.

small business, small business, systematic approach, system, system formation, hierarchical levels, proportional relationship, harmonic management, golden correlation, golden ratio

Sergienko E. E. Systematic approach to the study of small business. Business. Education. Law, 2019, no. 4, pp. 279–284. DOI: 10.25683/VOLBI.2019.49.425.