PRINCIPLES OF THE STATE POLICY OF STIMULATING INNOVATIVE AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

In the last decade, the Russian Federation has faced many challenges, both global and local, ranging from sanctions by Western countries, the COVID-19 pandemic, a special military operation, ending with problems of lack of financial, material, personnel and other resources. At the present stage of the development of the Russian economy, its formation on an innovation-oriented path of development, it is extremely important to understand the basic rules and patterns functioning in this direction. The primary source of such principles is the state as a legislator and guarantor of their implementation. The paper summarizes the basic principles of innovative and technological development (ITD) of the Russian Federation, enshrined in the fundamental and strategic documents. The problems of their execution at different levels are revealed. The measures and institutions of state support for innovative activity, including at the level of the subjects of the federation, are analyzed. A chronological analysis of strategic documents in the field of ITD is given, the main directions of stimulating ITD at different time intervals are identified. The study provides examples of successful and unsuccessful practices (including foreign ones) from the point of view of ITD. The relationship between the applied support measures in different countries and their positions in the world rankings is revealed. A similar analysis is given in relation to the Russian Federation. The article concludes that it is necessary to make adjustments to legislative acts. In particular, it is proposed to consolidate monitoring and control over the expenditure of funds on innovative and technological activities by the executive bodies of state power as a principle of ITD.

innovation, technological development, strategy, principles, government incentives, innovation environment, development institutions, import substitution, economy, development problems

Ilina S. V. Principles of the state policy of stimulating innovative and technological development. Biznes. Obrazovanie. Pravo = Business. Education. Law. 2023;4(65):123—128. DOI: 10.25683/VOLBI.2023.65.831.