MEANS OF CONCLUDING ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS UNDER RUSSIAN CIVIL LAW IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION
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Author(s): | Belova O. A., Kuzmina A. I., |
| Number of journal: | 1(74) | Date: | March 2026 |
| Annotation: | The subject of the research presented in the article is the methods of making transactions through electronic or other technical means used by civil law entities. In the context of forced digital transformation and an increase in the volume of electronic interaction, the need to regulate these methods becomes more apparent. The study examines the features of the methods of electronic interaction known to the authors, namely, the intermediary digital platform that ensures cooperation between entities in order to conclude civil law contracts, as well as the me- thods of conducting electronic transactions using an aggregator, click-wrap (click with a mouse), browse-wrap, or using an SMS code, online contracts, smart contracts, messaging applications, or other technical means of biometric data, e-mail, or an electronic image of a document. As a result of this research, we have identified that the legislator has not resolved the key issues of various methods of conducting such transactions. Moreover, the law enforcement officers “shies away” from interpreting different existing ways of concluding electronic transactions, which leads to various offenses by consumers. Using the method of legal modeling, the authors have identified the systemic features of the methods of conducting electronic transactions. According to the authors, the presented conclusions and suggestions are important for a safer way of interaction between transaction parties and the improvement of current legislation. They can serve as a starting point for new research in the field of reforming the methods of improving the protection of electronic transactions, which will allow lawyers to develop more advanced methods of conducting electronic transactions. This will increase the efficiency of work, expand the capabilities of civil law entities, and optimize the process of implementing electronic interaction. | ||
| Keywords: | electronic transactions, digitalization, civil circulation, other technical means, electronic interaction, civil law, contract of sale, security, digital circulation, the Internet |
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| For citation: | Belova O. A., Kuzmina A. I. Means of concluding electronic transactions under Russian civil law in the conditions of digitalization. Biznes. Obrazovanie. Pravo = Business. Education. Law. 2026;1(74):200—205. DOI: 10.25683/ VOLBI.2026.74.1576. |
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